I’ve generally had good luck with hardware and things just worked under linux. But one day I upgraded a few machines on my network to 2.5G ethernet. Several already had the ports, but my little NUC NAS box didn’t, so I installed a 2.5G usb ethernet dongle. No matter what I did, I couldn’t get it to work. It would show up and NM would act like it was up and there were no errors or anything, but it just wouldn’t actually function.
Eventually, I found out that it has a built in USB data partition that contains the drivers for windows. The card was coming up as a usb disk first when the hardware was assigned and not a network card which it should have been.
I had to write a blacklist the usb modules first, which I had done before, but I had to also write a udev rule to automatically add the network card and driver on boot. It wasn’t that difficult to actually do, but I had just never had to do anything with udev rules before. Took me a good three days of troubleshooting to finally get everything to work correctly on boot.
ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="20f4", ATTRS{idProduct}=="e02c", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe r8152" RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo 20f4 e02c > /sys/bus/usb/drivers/r8152/new_id'"
Put it in ChatGPT, just for fun…
To find the probability of drawing 7 or more face cards (which includes Jacks, Queens, Kings, and Aces) from 8 random cards, we first need to recognize that in a standard deck of 52 cards, there are 16 face cards (4 each of Jacks, Queens, Kings, and Aces) and 36 non-face cards.
We need to calculate the probabilities of two cases:
For both, we can use the hypergeometric distribution. The general formula for the hypergeometric probability is:
[ P(X = k) = \frac{{\binom{K}{k} \binom{N-K}{n-k}}}{{\binom{N}{n}}} ]
Where:
For 7 face cards: [ P(X = 7) = \frac{{\binom{16}{7} \binom{36}{1}}}{{\binom{52}{8}}} ]
For 8 face cards: [ P(X = 8) = \frac{{\binom{16}{8} \binom{36}{0}}}{{\binom{52}{8}}} ]
We will calculate these probabilities to get the final answer.
The probability of drawing 7 or more face cards (Jacks, Queens, Kings, Aces) from 8 random playing cards is approximately 0.0564%, or about 1 in 1772. This is a rare event given the small proportion of face cards in a standard deck.